Neural Control and Coordination: NEET PYQ, 2018–2026

Q1 · Zoology · Neural Control and Coordination

Which cranial nerve is the principal nerve of the parasympathetic division, supplying the heart, lungs and much of the digestive tract?

• AOlfactory nerve (I)
• BOptic nerve (II)
• CVagus nerve (X)
• DTrigeminal nerve (V)

Q2 · Zoology · Neural Control and Coordination

In a resting neuron, which statement correctly describes the distribution of Na⁺ and K⁺ across the membrane?

• ANa⁺ is more concentrated inside the axon than outside, and K⁺ is more concentrated outside.
• BNa⁺ and K⁺ are present in equal concentrations inside and outside the axon, and the difference lies only in their charge.
• CNa⁺ is more concentrated outside the axon than inside, and K⁺ is more concentrated inside than outside.
• DBoth Na⁺ and K⁺ are more concentrated outside the axon, which is why the outside is positive at rest.

Q3 · Zoology · Neural Control and Coordination

In a typical spinal nerve, which pair of statements about the location of neuronal cell bodies is correct?

• ASensory neuron cell bodies lie in the dorsal root ganglion; motor neuron cell bodies lie in the grey matter of the ventral horn of the spinal cord.
• BSensory neuron cell bodies lie in the ventral horn of the spinal cord; motor neuron cell bodies lie in the dorsal root ganglion.
• CBoth sensory and motor neuron cell bodies lie in the white matter of the spinal cord, which is why spinal nerves are myelinated.
• DSensory neuron cell bodies lie in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord; motor neuron cell bodies lie in the dorsal root ganglion.

Q4 · Zoology · Neural Control and Coordination

Which statement correctly describes the sodium-potassium pump in the membrane of a resting neuron?

• AIt actively moves 3 Na⁺ out of the cell and 2 K⁺ into the cell for each ATP hydrolysed
• BIt actively moves 3 K⁺ out of the cell and 2 Na⁺ into the cell for each ATP hydrolysed
• CIt passively lets Na⁺ and K⁺ diffuse down their gradients without using energy
• DIt moves Na⁺ into the cell and K⁺ out of the cell, which keeps the inside positive

Q5 · Zoology · Neural Control and Coordination

Which statement about the enteric nervous system is correct?

• AIt is a network of neurons organised in plexuses within the wall of the gut that can control gut movement with limited input from the brain and spinal cord.
• BIt is a branch of the somatic nervous system that supplies the skeletal muscles of the abdominal wall.
• CIt consists only of sensory fibres that carry pain signals from the stomach to the spinal cord.
• DIt is located entirely in the brain and controls digestion through the hypothalamus.

Q6 · Zoology · Neural Control and Coordination

An aircraft descends rapidly while a passenger's Eustachian tube stays blocked, so the air in the middle ear cannot equalise with the pressure of the cabin air outside. Compared with the external air pressure, what is the pressure in the middle ear, and in which direction is the tympanic membrane displaced?

• AMiddle-ear pressure is lower than the external pressure, and the tympanic membrane bulges inward.
• BMiddle-ear pressure is higher than the external pressure, and the tympanic membrane bulges outward.
• CMiddle-ear pressure is lower than the external pressure, and the tympanic membrane bulges outward.
• DThe middle-ear pressure equals the external pressure because the middle ear is a closed cavity, so the tympanic membrane stays flat.

Q7 · Zoology · Neural Control and Coordination

Which part of the human eye controls the amount of light entering the eye by changing the size of the pupil?

• AIris
• BCornea
• CLens
• DSclera

Q8 · Zoology · Neural Control and Coordination

Which of the meninges lies immediately beneath the bony skull and is thick and fibrous?

• APia mater
• BArachnoid
• CDura mater
• DChoroid plexus

Q9 · Zoology · Neural Control and Coordination

Olfactory receptors in the nasal epithelium of humans are best described as which type of neurons, with their axons forming the olfactory nerve?

• ABipolar neurons whose axons pass through the cribriform plate to reach the olfactory bulb.
• BUnipolar sensory neurons whose cell bodies lie in the olfactory bulb.
• CMultipolar motor neurons that carry signals from the olfactory bulb to the nasal muscles.
• DPseudounipolar neurons located in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord.

Q10 · Zoology · Neural Control and Coordination

In the human nose, where are the olfactory receptor cells located?

• AIn the olfactory epithelium in the upper part of the nasal cavity
• BIn the respiratory epithelium lining the lower nasal passage
• COn the tip of the tongue and in the taste buds of the palate
• DIn the middle ear, near the eustachian tube